Internet And Community Engagement - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1687 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2018/12/19 Category Internet Essay Type Research paper Level High school Topics: Community Essay Did you like this example? Like any other technological innovation, the internet was welcomed heartily by those who believed that it could change everything concerning democratic governance. Amongst the expected helpful impacts is the ability of the internet to allow common citizens to short-circuit political leaders and communicate directly with each other and community elites, to foster debates, improve trust, form community, and to simplify political partaking. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the internet has affected citizenship and community participation in political activities in the United States of America. Citizenship can be defined as status or position of an individual documented under the law as being a legitimate member of a country (Dalton, p77). A person can be a US citizen through birth or by naturalization. Community is defined as a group of persons living in the same district or nation, or having similar characteristics. In this paper, I will consider the American citizens as one community. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Internet And Community Engagement" essay for you Create order For different reasons, the internet is projected to increase community participation. The communicative abilities of the internet permit some kind of political activities to be done faster, massive amounts of information accessible in the internet would have the impact of reducing the expenses of obtaining political knowledge and motivating political curiosity. The capabilities of the internet enable mobilization to have political activity. Nevertheless, it is widely accepted that in accordance to the number of politically relevant physiognomies, political activists differ from the community at large (Dalton, p80). Also, more involvement does not essentially indicate that citizens are economically or socially different. For one reason, access to the internet is far from global amongst adult Americans, a phenomenon commonly termed as digital division and the outlines of the digital division indicate in different ways the shape of political public participation. However, accessing the internet does not mean that the user is participating in political activities. Consequently, it becomes important to study the degree to which online political and community acts reflect, ameliorate, or overstate the traditional trends in offline political action. There are different ways in which internet can improve political involvement. For one reason, different types of political actions such as forming groups of like-minded individuals, making contributions, registering as voters, and communicating with political elites are made easier online. Since the action can be done at any time of the day or night from any location with a laptop and an internet connection, the expenses of participating are lowered. The internet also makes it suitable for the formation political groups in different social platforms. By reducing the cost of communication between a large groups of like-minded people, the internet lowers the expense of gathering large groups on the ground. The internet lowers approximately to zero the cost of trying to meet political supporters from different geographical locations (Hargittai, Eszter, and Aaron Shaw, p116). Those with internet access obtain more information concerning political activities and this becomes important in raising political agendas. Since every previous political activity is available in the internet, the governments at all levels together with the public officers such as the members of the Senate and House, mayors, governors, members of community offices, political organizations and parties, publish source of political information like journals, newspapers, magazines, and also broadcast them through video and audio clips in platforms such as the YouTube. Additionally, the use of internet has more potentially politicizing capabilities such as online discussions, usually about political topics is able to attract more like-minded people from distant places without the need of coming together physically in a round table thus saving the time and cost of travelling (Dalton, p86). The other means through which the internet can improve political actions is by its ability to interconnect large groups of people who are located at different geographical regions at minimum costs. Party members and political parties not only use the internet as a means of publicizing political information but also use its abilities to interact with supporters and adherents and to register them to start a political action either online or offline (Hargittai, Eszter, and Aaron Shaw, p120). This paper studies the state of citizenship involvement in the United States of America. One objective of the paper is to compare various offline political actions such as making payments and signing appeals with the online equivalents. The other goal is to examine the likelihood of political and community involvement through social network sites and blogs. This paper compares offline and online political activities in different ways; first, how and to what degree are the online and digital tools being applied by the citizens of America to talk with the community members or to participate in political activities? Whether the online ways of political action are affecting citizens political life? Are the internet tools for community debates for example social network sites and blogs suitable for all community members engaged in political activities? Are the new methods making any change in the large community discussions? In order to have an effective conclusion of my study, I visited the national telephone survey that involved 2,251 American citizens (where 1,655 were internet users). The sample was only collected on landline telephones and no young internet users (below 18 years) were involved in the study. Approximately 66 percent of adult Americans have engaged in some kind of political activities in the previous years. Twenty percent of the population were involved in four or more political activities. This political activities included working with community members to solve disputes, participating in political parties to attempt to effect public policy, or undertaking the roles of a political candidate or party (Aaron et al., 2009). The study indicated that people with higher levels of education and incomes are more likely involved in political activities. The higher the level of education or income, the more the number of political activities a citizen is involved. For example participating in a political or community group, volunteering for or working for a political candidate or party, attending political assemblies, communicating with public officers or contributing for political organizations/parties. When considering personal political activities, it has been discovered that a certain community is particularly active. For instance, Hispanics below thirty years of age are particularly probably been engaged in organized demonstration in the past year, suburbanites are probably certain to have showed up in political meetings in town, school, or community affairs, and those above fifty years have probably communicated with a public official. However, the variations based on age, race, gender, type of community are not much considerable like the difference based on level of education or income. More than 33 percent of Americans have been engaged in community group or political organization in the previous year by at most one of the following ways, participating in a group to effect public policy, working with community members to solve a dispute, or volunteering for or working for a political candidate or party. More than 80 percent of those engaged in such activities have interconnected with their fellow group members and use different means of communication. Roughly fifty percent said that they communicated with their fellow members online (through text messages, emails, or group website) and also offline via face to face or journals and newspapers. Approximately ninety percent of the political or community members go online and read their email (Aaron et al., 2009). This has made email become as common as phone communication and face to face meeting. Approximately fifty percent of American citizens have voiced their sentiments in a public debate on topics that are releva nt to them, and social network sites and blogs give an extra chance of political involvement. Furthermore, 49 percent of citizens have communicated with the government officials or agent, signed a petition, calling in a TV show or radio, or writing an opinion to the editor. Modern internet users have different ways of participating in the community. With the increase of social network sites, blogosphere and other online sites, interested parties can engage in online group of civic and political activities by posting their comments on social matters online. In fact, 15 percent of adult internet users have contributed to a political debate online. Approximately twelve percent have commented on blogs or website posts on social or political matters, four percent have posted political opinions on social networks, two percent have posted political videos, and three percent have posted political pictures online. More than ten percent of internet users have made their political contributions online. Adherents of the Democratic Party are leading in making online payments. Thirty nine percent of the Democrats donated their contributions online while only eighteen percent of the Republicans made online payments. Most of the political donations were made offline. Approximately 20 percent of American citizens have contributed funds to either a political candidate or party. However, study reveals that online payments for charitable works are less than political donations. Online payments for charitable works summed up to twelve percent compared to 30% of political donations (Aaron et al., 2009). As the above numbers reveal, most individuals participate in community or political parties using different channels for example, someone might sign a petition for one matter and an online petition for a different issue, and various type of communication are most likely to occur through the internet. Letters to the editor are mostly send through email or through US Postal Services. However, it is evident that in the near future, editorial letter will only be send via email or other internet means that is faster and cost effective. We can agree that the internet is changing the socio-economic life of the community through ways by which the citizens are engaging political or community issues. However, those who are on the lower level of socio-economic class are less likely to access internet as well as engaging in online political/community welfares. Works Cited Dalton, Russell J. Citizenship norms and the expansion of political participation. Political studies 56.1 (2008): 76-98. Hargittai, Eszter, and Aaron Shaw. Digitally savvy citizenship: The role of internet skills and engagement in young adults political participation around the 2008 presidential election. Journal of Broadcasting Electronic Media 57.2 (2013): 115-134. Smith, Aaron, et al. The current state of civic engagement in America. Pew Research Center (2009).

The Great Pyamid of Giza is One of the Seven Wonders of...

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the most famous pyramid(Barrow). It is over 140 meters high and that makes it the largest pyramid in the world(Barrow). Even though it is massive in size, it only took about 20 years to build(Barrow). People think this pyramid is famous because, it is very large and was built before the major advancements in technology. Another reason, why people think the pyramid is famous is because, it is one of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World(Great). The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and the only monument still standing of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World(Great). The ways that the Egyptians built the pyramids was amazing. The history of pyramids is very interesting. The first know pyramid is the Step Pyramid.†¦show more content†¦So, the pyramids were ways to protect the pharaoh’s body so that they could live on in the afterlife(Barrow). The pyramids were built by cutting up large blocks into smaller more movable blocks. Then they were push ed up ramps and put in there right spot on the pyramid. There was an estimated 20,000 workers and took about 23 years just to build The Great Pyramid of Giza(Ancient). The pyramids took so long to build that when a pharaoh came into power, he started construction on his pyramid right away(Ancient). The pyramids are built mostly out of limestone(Ancient), because they had so much of it in that time. There are about 138 pyramids in Egypt(Ancient). Some are huge and some very small compared to the Great Pyramid of Giza. It is 480 feet tall and was made out of about 2.3 million blocks of limestone(Ancient). One thing that is very interesting is that the bases of the pyramids are perfect squares and they didnt have any of the machines that we have today(Ancient). Something nobody knows is that â€Å"In 2006, Michel Barsoum undertook extensive chemical and x-ray analysis of both the external and internal sections of pyramid stones...Results that some portions of...pyramids are actually made from concrete†¦(Logan). Inside the pyramids there is many things. The most common things to find in a pyramid is the pharaoh and any treasures or possessions that his family thought he might need in the afterlife(Barrow)(Ancient). On the walls of the tomb are paintings and

Moral Destruction by Unchecked Ambition - 1253 Words

William Shakespeare born on April 23, 1564 contributed deeply to the innovated speech on the subject of playwriting, poetry, and acting. Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, northwest of London. When Shakespeare was eighteen he married Anne Hathaway and had three children. The majority of Shakespeares life was not just spent in school but in the theatre world in London were he had found and started venturing into the writing profession by the early 1590s. Shakespeare was ambitious when it came to the theatre and always strived for success not only was he a play writer but as an actor. The duration of 1610 to 1613 it was said that Shakespeare had retired from the stage and returned home to Stratford-upon-Avon where he died in 1616. Shakespeare had part taken in many educational institutions, Shakespeare had combined the poetic approach with a practical sense of the theatre. Shakespeare had a innovative mindset when inventing words from Latin, French and Native origins. Shakesp eare had written thirty plays, the plays created in the time period were divided into four categories: Comedies, Histories, Romances, and Tragedies. Therefore it can be inferred that the four categories were influenced from some events during Shakespeares life which caused him to create those genres of plays. During the authors life time there were certain events which influenced the writing of Macbeth. Shakespeare had written the play based on the occurrence of King James howeverShow MoreRelatedThe Destruction Wrought When Ambition Goes Unchecked By Moral Constraints1547 Words   |  7 PagesJustin Session Mrs. Edwards Honors British Lit. 3 November 2015 The destruction wrought when ambition goes unchecked by moral constraints. Macbeth, a loyal warrior under the rule of his close friend Duncan, begins to be toyed with by three witches who tell him how to become king but only he would be king and none of his ancestors. 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Class Domination Theory Of Power - 1536 Words

The power elite is able to exert power over society. The power elite’s control over politics demonstrates how inequality is functional. This validates the class-domination theory of power, which is distributed based on economic power. By controlling economic resources, the power elites political influence in government shapes law and those involved in government to the power elites benefit. In today’s American society these laws have impacted both the corporate community and the elite. Furthermore, the author’s portrayal of the elite displayed how the elite have control concerning choices in government policies, elections, and laws. Social inequality is defined as the unequal distribution of social and economical resources. There are unequal opportunities and rewards for different social positions and statuses within a group or society. 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Why The Rich Should Pay More Taxes - 749 Words

Taxation rate is a very controversial topic in America. Many people like Mark Rosenfelder, Author of Why the Rich Should Pay More Taxes, believe that the more you make the more you should be taxed. They justify this by saying that Upper class, well-to-do individuals take more from the government. They say because wealthy people have more, they have more to lose; thus they require more protection. Many believe that a flat tax, a tax in which all citizens pay equal tax regardless of their income, is unfair. Really? Taxing someone because they work hard and make more money seems to make less sense. Raising the tax rate just because they work hard and have more than other people isn’t right. The wealthy upper-class citizen did not make the lower class poor and shouldn’t be taxed heavily to support them. In his essay Rosenfelder focuses his attention on how to bleed the wealthy for their money through a progressive tax. 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Frankenstein and Morality Essay Example For Students

Frankenstein and Morality Essay Morality. It has been questioned by people, honored by people and revered since the beginning of time. Yet even today not one person can say what is morally right. It is a matter of opinion. It was Dr. Victor Frankensteins opinion that it was alright to create a monster. Frankensteins creation needed a companion. Knowing that his first creation was evil should the doctor make a second? With the knowledge at hand, to Dr. Frankenstein, it is not at all morally correct to bring another monster into the world. Looking at this probelm with his family in mind, the doctor begins his work on the second monster. The first monster threatened Frankenstein and even his family. The monster angrily said to Frankenstein, I can make you so wretched. (pg. 162) Trying to scare Frankenstein for not creating his mate the monster resorted to threats. If the good doctor does create a companion for his first creation he may be endangering others. The miserable monster whom I had created, (pg.152) says Victor upon looking back at his work. If there is another monster there will be twice the power and possibly twice the evil, which could hurt or kill his family. When and if Frankenstein commits the moral sin of creating another monster he may be rid of both monsters forever. With the companion you bestow I will quit the neighbourhood of man,(pg 142) promises the morally corrupt monster to the doctor upon the completion of his partner. When the doctor, if and when he, finished his first creations mate there is a chance that the monsters will not keep their promise and stay in Europe envoking fear into townfolk. The good doctor, trying to act morally, destroys the monster for the good of the world. The monsters can potentially take over whatever they please. A race of devils would be propegated,(pg. 163) thinks Frankenstein to himself in his study. The monsters, if powerful enough, could possibly take over Europe. Frankenstein realizes that he can not possibly doom the world to benefit himself. Shall I, in coold blood, set loose upon the earth a daemon..(pg. 162) argues Frankenstein with his creation. It is not morally right for one person to unleash such a terror on the world to benefit only himself and his family.Frankenstein will not let any example change his mind on the point that the monster is and will always be morally corupt. Continuing on his point that the monster was too evil to duplicate, Frankenstein says, Your threats cannot move me to do an act of wickedness; but they confirm me in determination of not creating you a companion in vice.( pg. 163)Frankenstein will not sacrifice his morallity because of persuation from a monster. Although beholding the threat of death and misery Frankenstein held his ground and did not sacrifice his moral. When and if Frankenstein creates another monster he can not feel as if he has done the morally right thing. From creating the monster Frankenstein will some how be making people other than himself unhappy. I consent to your demand, on your solem oath to quite Europe forever, and every other place in the neighbourhood of man,(pg. 143) says Frankenstein as he sees the power that the two could possibly possess. The good doctor sees that with his own hands he could possibly scar the world forever. The doctor wants, if anyone, himself to be unhappy instead of all of man kind. Begone! I do break my promise, (pg. 162) states the doctor angrily. Not thinking about himself but the world unselfishly breaks his promise to the monster. Possessing such a great mind the doctor is able to realize that a greater evil will be realesed upon the earth then upon himself. Your threats cannot move me to do an act of wickedness,(pg. 162) says the doctor as he argues his point with his creation. The doctor sees that a greater and more horrible result can come from him making the second monster than not. .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 , .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .postImageUrl , .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 , .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563:hover , .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563:visited , .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563:active { border:0!important; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563:active , .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563 .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud3bfdcb9ac5064de88f44565c1542563:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Necklace EssayWith the knowledge at hand, to Dr.Frankenstein, it is not at all morally correct to bring another monster into the world. On the one hand if the second monster was created Frankensteins family would be saved. By the same token the rest of the world could be forced to bow before two hideous monsters. The problem, making or not making the second monster, played heavily on Frankensteins mind, possibly caused his brief lapse into the realm of the insane.Even though Frankenstein began his work for the good of man his experiment ended Bibliography:

Queensland Rail Recruitment Challenges †Free Samples for Students

Question: Discus about the Queensland Rail Recruitment Challenges. Answer: Queensland Rail Recruitment Challenges and Recommendations The success of an organization is largely contributed by the effectiveness of its employees, whose performance is dependent on recruitment. Any challenges in the workforce arising from recruitment, therefore, need to be addressed for effective operations toward achieving company goals (De Cieri Kramar, 2003). Queensland Rail is an organization providing transport as a railway operator in Australia. The organization operating in Queensland and has been estimated to offer over 20,000 employment opportunities each year. The railway operator has however faced various challenges in recruitment, which has impeded the recruitment of the top talent required by the innovative company. This paper seeks to highlight some of the recruitment challenges faced by Queensland Rail as a result of engaging in poor recruitment practices. It also makes recommendations on how they can be solved and possible recruitment strategies for the company. Recruitment Challenges Faced by Queensland Rail and their Recommended Solutions Organizational Image and Brand Research has shown that companies offering candidates a poor experience during assessment damage their brand to an extent that has the candidates no longer consuming from it (Ogunfowora, 2014). Queensland Rails brand and image were put at risk through poor recruitment practices that gave candidates the wrong perceptions. The organization had poor communication in their recruitment process. This is made evident by reports indicating a lack of job advertisements even after plans by Queensland Rail to employ more people after staff shortages were identified. This lack of proper communication kept the qualified individuals needed by the fast growing organization from applying for the positions. It also frustrated candidates seeking employment information on Queensland Rail and hardly find it. The frustration experienced by the candidates, therefore, damages Queensland Rails brand and fails to attract the top talent needed by the company (Allen, Mahto Otondo, 2007). Queensland Rail is committed to protecting their brand and image by ensuring they are used in accordance with the organizations stipulated behavior (Worthington, Russell-Bennett Hartel, 2010). Consequently, it is recommended that the recruitment practices carried out are transparent, open and accountable. Queensland Rail can achieve this through the employment of a better communication system where all potential candidates for the job are able to access all the information regarding the position. Scheduling by the transport provider should also ensure announcements are made in time and the given information is clear and easy to understand. Contacts through which the candidate can communicate with Queensland Rail in the case of any questions should also be included in an effort towards openness and transparency. These recommendations will ensure that Queensland Rail remains the leading provider of integrated transport services in Australia. Supply and Demand of Staff A commission of inquiry launched to investigate the train crewing practices at Queensland Rail in 2016 identified shortage of staff as one of the problems facing the organization. This was found to be as a result of an increased demand for train crew services between 2014 and 2016 that did not meet the supply of the hired train crew. The supply of qualified personnel also decreased due to recruitment decisions by management to cease driver recruitments and reduce the training offered to recruits. Another reason for the decreased supply of train crew staff was the restriction on Queensland Rails ability to make external recruitments. This created challenges in recruitment, burdening the organization and depleting guard ranks. These poor recruitment practices, therefore, led to a low supply of train crew that could not meet the demand of Queensland Rail and a disruption of their operations (Broadbridge, Maxwell Ogden, 2009). A program should be implemented at Queensland Rail with the intention of predicting the train crews demand and supply. The recommended program should also take into consideration any future projects and changes in operations that will require staff recruitment (Si, 2015). Keeping a surplus of staff especially train crew is another recommendation that Queensland Rail requires in addressing the shortage of staff supply. Proper recruitment practices will ensure this supply is developed and maintained over time as a preventive measure. In an effort to keep the supply of train crew in surplus, the process of recruitment should remain open to attract external applicants. Open recruitment further contributes to diversity in the applicants resulting in diverse staff (Campion, 2015). The implementation of these recommendations will prevent further disruptions in Queensland Rails train operations. High Cost of Recruitment Process Queensland Rail, in an effort to address train crew shortages, has spent an estimated $100 million on recruitment agencies. The high cost paid to the agencies is brought about by the need to find qualified candidates fast and the urgency to fill critical roles. The money used in the recruitment process is incorporated in the calculation of return on investment. High costs in the recruitment process may, therefore, lead to major losses to the company if they exceed the returns resulting from this practice (Munstermann, Eckhardt Weitzel, 2010). The cost of recruiting staff, therefore, needs to be economical to ensure that staff recruitment creates a return on investment and is beneficial to Queensland Rail with regard to financial results. Recommendations that Queensland Rail may choose to implement to address this issue include seeking cheaper alternatives that are just as effective and even more efficient (Breaugh, 2017). This could be done through the introduction of an automated recruiting system, which will make the process simpler in terms of selection, communication and scheduling processes of recruitment. This will minimize the costs used in these processes and better management of the process will ensure Queensland Rail does not end up in situations where they have to hire staffing agencies for urgent staffing (Lad Das, 2016). Queensland Rail should also focus on the proper scheduling of their recruitment to ensure it is always ready to effectively fill critical positions without the having to pay heavy costs for fast service. Staff Retention Failure The transport industry is a highly competitive jobs market that is also dynamic and always in need for new talent. These facts put Queensland Rail at the risk of losing their top talent due to poor recruitment practices. The human resource department in charge of recruitment at the organization has not set up a system where top talent is identified and retained. The top talent or high performers are also not rewarded and this makes the employees lack the motivation to fully perform and deliver their services to Queensland Rails (Samuel and Chipunza, 2009). The unsatisfied employees might also choose to leave the organization to Queensland Rails competitors offering better recognition and reward. Failure to retain top talent affects the organizations long-term growth and causes the company to incur costs through replacing employees. For a transport company priding itself in innovation, Queensland Rail ends up lacking the staff responsible for creating and maintaining this innovation ( Armstrong, Brown Reilly, 2011). Identification of top talent at the company and retention of these employees is significant to the growth and performance of Queensland Rail. A system that identifies top talent and rewards them is, therefore, necessary in the organization. Rewards could be in the form of promotions and raised ranks, which will work as an incentive to motivate the staff (Hauskanecht, Rodda Howard, 2009). Motivated staffs are less likely to leave the company and give better performance at work. Implementing the system will, therefore, ensure growth for Queensland Rail through retention of talented employees who are in line with the companys innovative goals. The company is also meant to experience good financial results due to better performances (Sebastian, 2007).Introduction Ageing Workforce Challenge In the final 2017 report of the Commission of Inquiry into Queensland Rails train crewing practices, it was acknowledged that part of the staff consisted of an aging workforce. This was made clear in a statement explaining that in an effort to retain employees, Queensland Rail was supporting the transition of staff into retirement among other practices. The transport provider also acknowledged the fact this decision would probably have a negative impact in the long term (Rudolph, Toomey Baltez, 2015). The dominance of an aging workforce in an organization is often an indicator of outdated skills and a shortage of relevant skills (Beck, 2014). This has a negative effect on the transport industry, which requires an innovative set of skills by workers in order to stay ahead of the competition and grow. This is made harder by the fact that the younger generation is not attracted to the transport industry with regard to career decisions. Those eventually pursuing this career choose to pu rsue other careers first before finally settling on the transport industry. It is recommended that the recruiting department at Queensland Rail, therefore, needs to effectively campaign for the application of jobs by qualified young people. The recruitment campaign will focus on getting more young adults to take consider the transport industry in their career. This can be achieved by changing the image of employment in the transport industry to make it attractive to young people. The current image of working at Queensland Rail may portray negative perceptions of a working environment that is not sophisticated and this diverts the interest of young people. Queensland Rail can also use a recruitment system that collects demographic information and makes the process of finding younger people easier. Queensland, therefore, needs to invest in a workforce including young people who are more likely to grow the company through new ideas and skills (Zimmer, 2016). Conclusion The challenges discussed in this paper make it clear that although Queensland Rail is the leading integrated transport provider in Australia, it is facing some recruitment challenges that hinder its operations. The transport industry is dynamic and competitive and these do not allow for any disruption. Challenges such as staff shortage, recruitment costs and flight risk of unsatisfied employees should be addressed. All of the mentioned challenges arise from poor recruitment practices and lack of investment in the proper recruitment strategies. Recommendations offered in the report offer solutions to problems faced by Queensland Rail in the form of reduced costs, a system that will assist in better recruitment practices and better management of operation schedules. Based on the recommendations offered, the ultimate solution for the recruitment challenges faced by Queensland Rail seems to be the implementation of an automated system customized for their recruitment needs. The system brings make the recruitment process more organized resulting in minimized costs, better communication with candidates, improved brand image, less time is taken to fill critical positions, attracting and retaining the organizations top talent. Incorporation of recruitment strategies in addition to this will ensure the company carries out its functions effectively and remains the leading provider of integrated transport services in Australia. References Allen, D. G., Mahto, R. V., Otondo, R. F. (2007). Web-based recruitment: effects of information, organizational brand, and attitudes toward a Web site on applicant attraction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(6), 1696. Armstrong, M., Brown, D., Reilly, P. (2011). Increasing the effectiveness of reward management: an evidence-based approach. Employee Relations, 33(2), 106-120. Beck, V. (2014). Employers views of learning and training for an ageing workforce. Management Learning, 45(2), 200-215. Breaugh, J. A. (2017). to Recruitment. The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Recruitment, Selection and Employee Retention, 12. Broadbridge, A. M., Maxwell, G. A., Ogden, S. M. (2009). Selling retailing to Generation Y graduates: recruitment challenges and opportunities. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 19(4), 405-420. Campion, M. C. (2015, January). Minorities versus Nonminorities: Implications of Subgroup Signaling Markets for Targeted Recruitment. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 18281). Academy of Management. De Cieri, H., Kramar, R. (2003). Human resource management in Australia. Hausknecht, J. P., Rodda, J., Howard, M. J. (2009). Targeted employee retention: Performance?based and job?related differences in reported reasons for staying. Human Resource Management, 48(2), 269-288. Mnstermann, B., Eckhardt, A., Weitzel, T. (2010). The performance impact of business process standardization: An empirical evaluation of the recruitment process. Business Process Management Journal, 16(1), 29-56. Ogunfowora, B. (2014). The impact of ethical leadership within the recruitment context: The roles of organizational reputation, applicant personality, and value congruence. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(3), 528-543. Rudolph, C. W., Toomey, E. C., Baltes, B. B. (2017). Considering Age Diversity in Recruitment and Selection: An Expanded Work Lifespan View of Age Management. In The Palgrave Handbook of Age Diversity and Work (pp. 607-638). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Samuel, M. O., Chipunza, C. (2009). Employee retention and turnover: Using motivational variables as a panacea. African journal of business management, 3(9), 410. Sebastian Reiche, B. (2007). The effect of international staffing practices on subsidiary staff retention in multinational corporations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(4), 523-536. Si, X. (2015). Models and methods for operational planning in freight railroads (Doctoral dissertation). Worthington, S., Russell-Bennett, R., Hrtel, C. (2010). A tri-dimensional approach for auditing brand loyalty. Journal of Brand Management, 17(4), 243-253. Zimmer, Z. (2016). Global ageing in the twenty-first century: Challenges, Opportunities and Implications. Routledge.